2011年全國英語等級考試四級題型串講:寫作
第五課時 寫作
一、大綱對該部分的要求
PETS四級的作文只要求考生根據(jù)所給的提示信息及有關(guān)要求寫一篇160-200個詞的短文,提示信息的形式有主題句、寫作提綱、規(guī)定情境、圖、表等。這部分主要是考查考生的書面表達能力。
二、常見體裁類型及寫作方法
PETS第四級考試的作文的命題體裁類型可分為:主題句作文、關(guān)鍵詞作文、情景作文和圖表作文。從命題范圍來看,PETS-4寫作大多為社會熱點問題和人們最為關(guān)注的問題,比如家庭,環(huán)境,社會普遍現(xiàn)象等等。
1. 主題句作文
?。?)題型特點
試卷上已給出了幾個句子,由于它們通常高度概括或凝聚了全段的主要思想或信息內(nèi)容,所以可看成這幾個個自然段的主題句。
?。?)應(yīng)試指南
針對這種類型的作文,大家應(yīng)在主題句的基礎(chǔ)上,用具體實例來加以擴展和襯托,進一步闡明和證實主題句,最終完成一篇文章。
?。?)實例分析
1例題
?。?007年作文)
Directions:
66. Read the following statement and write and essay on it. In your essay, you should
1) state your opinion, and
2) support it with examples.
“The man who reads well is the man who thinks well, who has a background for opinion and a stand for judgment.” You should write 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
2范文
“The man who reads well is the man who thinks well, who has a background for opinion and a stand for judgment.” From this statement we can see that reading is essential for thinking.
We are encouraged to think independently from early ages. Nowadays the creative talents are needed badly. Creativity is advocated as the key factor for development. It seems that thinking is more important. But what is the source of thinking? Only by knowing more can we think more deeply. Reading provides us a basis for thinking and a stand for judgment. The more a man reads, the better a man thinks.
Confucius sets a good example for us. By reading extensively, he set up the Confucian school. Confucianism has been the most influencing ideology in China . All the thoughts and opinions of Confucius must have sources—reading. To sum up, both thinking and reading are important, but reading is more important for it is the basis of thinking. No one can succeed without quick mind. But no one can have a quick mind without reading more.
2. 關(guān)鍵詞作文
?。?)題型特點
題目已給出,同時附上若干與主題密切相關(guān)的詞或短語。
?。?)應(yīng)試指南
注重文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)組織、材料攝取和語言表達。
3. 情景作文
?。?)題型特點
一般沒有標(biāo)題,給出一特定的情景。所給出的情景不是以主題句或關(guān)鍵詞形式出現(xiàn),而是對事實的陳述,將文章的中心思想和信息在提供的情景中加以暗示。
(2)應(yīng)試指南
從情境中去搜尋中心思想,在設(shè)置的框架范圍內(nèi),充分發(fā)揮各自的想象力去發(fā)展段落,但不能脫離所給的詞語或提示的情景去自由發(fā)揮。
4. 圖表作文
?。?)題型特點
圖表作文是借助于圖畫或圖表進行寫作的一種方法。它要求作者將畫面直觀的內(nèi)容或表格包含的信息轉(zhuǎn)換成傳神表意的文字形式。此類文章大多給出標(biāo)題。
(2)應(yīng)試指南
圖表作文首先應(yīng)說明該圖表反映的總情況,然后對數(shù)字進行分析比較,歸納出增減變化,最后寫出圖表作者的意圖,得出適當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)論。比較而言,圖表作文對考生來講較為陌生,如遇到圖表試題應(yīng)注意以下幾點:第一,要透過所列出的數(shù)值或曲線找出帶有規(guī)律性的東西;第二,不必對各種資料和數(shù)據(jù)逐條描述,要抓住重點;第三,掌握與圖表作文有關(guān)的常用詞語和表達法。
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