GRE寫作Issue部分精品素材分享之創(chuàng)造和發(fā)明

想要在GRE作文部分的考試中寫出優(yōu)秀的文章，論據(jù)素材是重要的一環(huán)。好的論據(jù)不僅能幫助你支撐觀點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)說服力，還能體現(xiàn)出考生在閱讀量上的積累和深厚扎實(shí)的語言功底基礎(chǔ)。特別是ISSUE作文，更是需要大量好素材作為儲備，才能保證考生無論遭遇那種題目，都能游刃有余地完成一篇高分作文的寫作。小編為大家整理了GRE ISSUE作文各類題目的精品優(yōu)質(zhì)素材，一起來看吧。

創(chuàng)新和發(fā)明的區(qū)別

“An important distinction is normally made between invention and innovation. Invention is the first occurrence of an idea for a new product or process, while innovation is the first attempt to carry it out into practice.”

It is useful, when conceptualizing innovation, to consider whether other words suffice. Recent authors point out that invention—the creation of new tools or the novel compilation of existing tools—is often confused with innovation. Many product and service enhancements may fall more rigorously under the term improvement. Change and creativity are also words that may often be substituted for innovation. What, then, is innovation that makes it necessary to have a different word from these others, or is it a catch-all word, a loose synonym? Much of the current business literature blurs the concept of innovation with value creation, value extraction and operational execution. In this view, an innovation is not an innovation until someone successfully implements and makes money on an idea. Extracting the essential concept of innovation from these other closely linked notions is no easy thing.

創(chuàng)新及其目的

The term innovation may refer to both radical and incremental changes to products, processes or services. The often unspoken goal of innovation is to solve a problem. Innovation is an important topic in the study of economics, business, technology, sociology, and engineering. Since innovation is also considered a major driver of the economy, the factors that lead to innovation are also considered to be critical to policy makers.

In the organizational context, innovation may be linked to performance and growth through improvements in efficiency, productivity, quality, competitive positioning, market share, etc. All organizations can innovate, for example, hospitals, universities, and local governments.

創(chuàng)造力與創(chuàng)新

Through these varieties of viewpoints, creativity is typically seen as the basis for innovation, and innovation as the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization. From this point of view, creativity may be displayed by individuals, but innovation occurs in the organizational context only.

It should be noted, however, that the term “innovation” is used by many authors rather interchangeably with the term “creativity” when discussing individual and organi-zational creative activity. As Davila (2006) comment, “Often, in common parlance, the words creativity and innovation are used interchangeably. They shouldn’t be, because while creativity implies coming up with ideas, it’s the “bringing ideas to life”...that makes innovation the distinct undertaking it is.”

The distinctions between creativity and innovation discussed above are by no means fixed or universal in the innovation literature. They are however observed by a considerable number of scholars in innovation studies.

創(chuàng)造性思維的作用

When the mind engages in pure creative thinking it comes up with new thoughts and ideas. When it applies itself to society it can come up with new organizations. When it turns its attention to the study of nature it discovers the laws and mechanisms by which nature operates. When it applies itself to technology it comes up with new discoveries and practical inventions that boost productivity. Technical creativity has had an erratic course through history, with some intense periods of creative output followed by some dull and inactive periods. However the period since 1700 has been marked by an intense burst of technological creativity that is multiplying human capacities exponentially.

更多 GRE作文、GRE寫作模板，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注 英語作文大全