英漢對(duì)照圣經(jīng)故事:死海古卷 Dead Sea Scrolls
1947～1956年在死海西北海岸幾處隱秘地點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的古代手稿，大部分是希伯來文。這些手稿撰寫的日期可追溯到西元前3世紀(jì)到西元2世紀(jì)之間，在約一萬五千個(gè)斷簡殘篇中共拼湊了八百～九百多份手稿。多數(shù)學(xué)者認(rèn)為在庫姆蘭（Qumran）廢墟附近十一處洞穴發(fā)現(xiàn)的大量文獻(xiàn)是屬于猶太教的一個(gè)教團(tuán)所有（大多認(rèn)為是艾賽尼派〔Essenes〕），而有些學(xué)者則認(rèn)為是屬于撒都該人（Sadducee）或奮銳黨人（Zealot）所有。這個(gè)教團(tuán)排斥其他的猶太人，把世界截然劃分為善與惡。他們營造了一種純正儀式的共同生活，稱作“聯(lián)合會(huì)”，由一位彌賽亞的“正義之師”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。從死海古卷中可宏觀猶太人信仰，這些在西元66～73年戰(zhàn)爭期間從耶路撒冷被藏匿起來的手稿一直是圖書館的藏品。
Caches of ancient， mostly Hebrew， manuscripts found at several sites on the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea （1947-56）。 The writings date from between the 3rd century BC and the 2nd century AD and total 800-900 manuscripts in 15，000 fragments. Many scholars believe that those deposited in 11 caves near the ruins of Qumran belonged to a sectarian community whom most scholars believe were Essenes， though other scholars suggest Sadducees or Zealots. The community rejected the rest of the Jewish people and saw the world as sharply divided between good and evil. They cultivated a communal life of ritual purity， called the “Union，” led by a messianic “Teacher of Righteousness.” The Dead Sea Scrolls as a whole represent a wider spectrum of Jewish belief and may have been the contents of libraries from Jerusalem hidden during the war of AD 66-73.
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