百喻經之二七: 治鞭瘡喻
§27 治鞭瘡喻
(27) dress whip wounds
昔有一人,為王所鞭。既被鞭已,以馬屎拊之,欲令速差。有愚人見之,心生歡喜,便作是言:“我快得是治瘡方法。”
once upon a time, there was a man who was punished by the king by whipping and was wounded from it. he applied on the wounds horse excrement for quick recovery. a stupid man nearby was pleased to see it. he said to himself, "i have just discovered the method to cure a wound faster."
即便歸家,語其兒言:“汝鞭我背,我得好法,今欲試之。”
as soon as he got home, he told his son, "you are going to whip me until i'm wounded. i have got a good method to cure wounds. i should like to try it."
兒為鞭背,以馬屎拊之,以為善巧。
then, he was flogged by his son who dressed his wounds with horse excrement, believing it was a good method.
世人亦爾。聞有人言,修不凈觀,即得除去五陰身瘡。便作是言:“我欲觀于女色,及以五欲。”
so are the people at large who hear that the practice of meditation on impurities could remove the evil corruption of the body. they say to themselves in these words, "we are going to meditate on venery and the five desires."
未見不凈,反為女色之所惑亂,流轉生死,墮于地獄。世間愚人,亦復如是。
they did not see the impurities of the body, but rather got deceitful and wrong ideas from the pursuit of sexual pleasure. furthermore, they suffer from transmigration and descend into hell.
this is held to be true with the stupid at large dressing their wounds with horse excrement.
注釋:
① 所鞭:受到鞭打。
② 拊:同敷。
③ 差:病痊愈,又寫為“瘥”。
④ 不凈觀:為了治貪心而觀身體的不凈,一是觀自身的不凈,二是觀他身的不凈,人的一切,無一凈相。佛教禪定方式,據載修此禪觀可觀想死亡后的種種污濁,從而解除對人生世事的貪戀。是禪觀“五停心觀”之一,即不凈觀、慈悲觀、因緣觀、界分別觀、數息觀,以分別解除世俗的貪欲、瞋恚、愚癡、我見、散亂浮躁等心緒。
⑤ 五陰:又稱為“五眾”、“五蘊”,佛教專用名詞。大致包括色、受、想、行、識五方面的內涵,通常色指物質,受、想、行、識指心理,因此“五陰”在廣義上指物質世界和精神世界的總和。有著眼、耳、鼻、舌、口、大小便道之類洩漏不凈的瘡門,故名五陰身瘡。
⑥五欲:指財欲、色欲、飲食欲、名欲、睡眠欲。
白話:
過去有一個人,遭到國王的鞭打。被鞭打后,就用馬糞敷在傷口上面,想讓傷口早點痊愈。有個愚蠢的人看見了,心里很高興,便這樣想到:“我快得到治療創傷的方法了。”立刻回到家,對兒子說:“你來抽打我的背,我得到了好的治創傷的辦法了,現在想試一下。”兒子使用鞭子抽打他的背,然后用馬糞敷在背上,他自以為得到了很好的妙方。
世上有人也是這樣,聽到人說:“通過修不凈觀解除人世貪心和欲望的方法,就可以除去外界和精神產生的身心痛苦。”就這樣講:“我想見到女色去觀女色,及從五欲中去觀不凈以便去除欲望。”結果非但沒有領悟到女色和五欲的煩惱和不潔凈,反而為女色迷惑,沉溺于世俗的轉回之中,最終飽受地獄的苦難。世上愚昧的人,也同樣如此。
辨析:
那個被鞭打后的人,痛不可耐,情急之中,用馬糞敷之,雖然不能止痛,在心理上也許會有一種安慰。各種療傷的土法藥方,也許正是在人們千百次的實踐中,不斷被發現和總結出來的。當然那位自以為發現別人秘方的人,以急功近利之心忖之,自傷敷糞,只會使自己反受其害,自食苦果。它提示人們:不加分析地盲目實踐,與蠻干無異。
比喻貪欲的人,由于出發點是觀看女色,滿足欲望,最終只能自招其害。佛教把貪欲之人的終結,表述為在地獄和種種可怕的境況下度過來生,它在客觀上,對于揚善抑惡,勸戒人心是有一定作用的。在這種善惡報應影響下產生的世俗文藝,在民間廣泛傳播,它表現了受壓迫人民的美好、善良的愿望,是人心向善的歷史證明。因此我們不應簡單地斥之為封建迷信,要用歷史的眼光,客觀辯證地對待。
(摘自《百喻經注釋與辨析》荊三隆 邵之茜著)
供您思考:
圣法法師在《百喻故事廣釋》里說:人生一切的苦難,大都是由行為的錯誤而來的業報。一切的幸福快樂,也是由智慧的行為而來。所以智慧是一切幸福快樂的泉源,欲成佛解脫生死非智慧不可。這樣說,世間的一切爭奪、造業,也是無知的妄動。由智慧抉擇去做的行為是正當的行為,由愚癡無知去做的事情便是造業罪惡的行為。
本文地址:http://www.autochemexpert.com/writing/story/1534.html