例證說明:知識和信心是通向成功之路-Knowledge and Confiden.
知識和信心是通向成功之路
【內容提示】
你曾參加過多次英語競賽。從這些比賽中你懂得了一條道理，那就是：知識和信心是通向成功的道路。寫一篇文章說明這一道理，內容要點如下：
①你第一次參加比賽時，前面幾項答的都挺好，可是最后一項搶答，雖然你知道的很多，但由于緊張而失敗。
②第二次參賽時，筆試順利通過了，但口試時又是因緊張而失利。
③通過參加比賽你還認識到，不僅要懂得基本的英語語言知識，而且還應擴大知識面才能取得成功。
【作文示范】
Knowledge and Confidence Lead to Success
“Three, Two, One, Start”, with the light on, the final test in the Shanghai area of the English Contest in East China began.
I＇m the contestant①“F”. Fortunately, during the first three items, my scores were lower only than the first one. But in the last item----quick response②, things changed. I knew that if only I could answer one question correctly, I would have the chance to go to Nanjing for the final contest. So no sooner had Miss Zhang, the hostess, given the question “name three of the novels written by Charles Dickens”, than I pressed the button. Though I know many of the novels written by him very well, such as Hard Times, Oliver Twist③, A Tale of Two Cities, Old Curiosity shop④, David Copperfield⑤, I was so nervous at that time that I could only remember two of them. So ten points were taken away.At last I only got the third prize. But from taking part in the contest, I have learned a lot.
When I learned of the holding of the English Contest on“English Pictorial”⑥ in April, I was so confident that I entered my name for it immediately. And I managed to pass the“written test”and the“oral test”,which were held in the middle of July. But my nervousness resulted in my failure in the following test.
|Also I found that success in an English Contest depends on not only knowledge of English itself but also knowledge at large. For example, in the last item there was such a question:“Tell the full name of Great Britain and what do people call her flag.”Though I know the answer of the first part of the question, I did not know the name of the flag. Now I know it＇s called Union Jack⑦.
So, you see, confidence and knowledge are two very important things which lead to success. Do you think so?
（選自1987年9月22日《上海學生英文報》）
【詞語解釋】
①contestant[k n＇test nt] n．競爭者；參加比賽者
②response [ris＇p&ns] n．作答，回答；輪流應答
③Oliver Twist《奧立弗·推斯特》
④ Old Curiosity Shop 《老古玩店》
⑤ David Copperfield《大衛·科波菲爾》
⑥English Pictorial《英語畫刊》
⑦Union Jack [＇ju:nj n ＇j$k] 英國國旗
【寫法指要】
1）本文是例證法說明文。例證法和列舉法同屬于舉例法（exemplification）。與舉例法不同的是，例證法在一篇短文中只舉一兩個例子，但必須詳細剖析。而列舉法只把例子舉出來，最多再解釋一兩句。
2）本文用例證法說明了文章的主題：“Confidence and knowledge are two very important things which lead to success.”三個詳例是作者兩次參加英語比賽所出的錯誤：1）由于緊張而沒說出狄更斯一部小說的書名；2）由于緊張未通過復試；3）只知其一，不知其二，即說不上來英國國旗的別名。
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