牡蠣的快速增長 Raising Oysters
In the oysters were raised in much the same way as dirt farmers raised tomatoes- by transplanting them. First, farmers selected the oyster bed, cleared the bottom of old shells and other debris, then scattered clean shells about. Next, they "planted" fertilized oyster eggs, which within two or three weeks hatched into larvae. The larvae drifted until they attached themselves to the clean shells on the bottom.
在牡蠣飼養的方式有很大的相同的方式，因為泥土的農民提高西紅柿-通過移植。首先，農民選擇了牡蠣床，清除了舊殼和其他雜物的底部，然后散落干凈的貝殼。然后，他們“種植”受精的牡蠣卵，在兩個或三個星期內孵化成幼蟲。幼蟲漂流，直到他們把自己附著在底部的干凈的貝殼上。
There they remained and in time grew into baby oysters called seed or spat. The spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from which they derived microscopic particles of food. Before long, farmers gathered the baby oysters, transplanted them once more into another body of water to fatten them up. Until recently the supply of wild oysters and those crudely farmed were more than enough to satisfy people‘s needs. But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. The problem has become so serious that some oyster beds have vanished entirely. Fortunately, as far back as the early 1900‘s marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury food. So they set up well-equipped hatcheries and went to work. But they did not have the proper equipment or the skill to handle the eggs. They did not know when, what, and how to feed the larvae. And they knew little about the predators that attack and eat baby oysters by the millions.
他們在那里，并在時間成長為嬰兒牡蠣稱為種子或吐。在海水中，它們從食物中獲得的微小顆粒，使其吐出的卵更大了。不久，農民聚集的小牡蠣，再次將它們移到另一個身體的水把它們養肥了。直到最近，野生的以及人工飼養的牡蠣都足以滿足人們的需要。但今天可口的海味已不再充裕。這個問題變得如此嚴重，以至于一些牡蠣的床完全消失了。幸運的是，早在1900年代早期的海洋生物學家們就意識到，如果不采取新的措施，牡蠣就會滅絕，或者充其量是一種奢侈的食物。所以他們建立了設備齊全的孵化場和去工作。但他們沒有正確的設備或技能來處理雞蛋。他們不知道什么時候，什么，以及如何喂養幼蟲。他們對攻擊和吃牡蠣的數以百萬計的天敵知之甚少。(www.yingyuzuowen.cn)
They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940‘s a significant breakthrough was made. The marine biologists discovered that by raising the temperature of the water, they could induce oysters to spawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, winter, and spring. Later they developed a technique for feeding the larvae and rearing them to spat. Going still further, they succeeded in breeding new strains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, and flourished in water of different salinities and temperatures. In addition, the cultivated oysters tasted better!
他們失敗了，但他們頑強地堅持了下來。最后，在1940年代取得了重大突破。海洋生物學家發現，通過提高水的溫度，他們可以誘導牡蠣不僅在夏季，但也在秋季，冬季和春季產卵。后來，他們開發了一種技術喂養的幼蟲和飼養他們吐口水。要更進一步，他們成功地選育新品種可以抵抗疾病、長得更快、更大，并且在不同的鹽度和溫度的火。此外，種植的牡蠣嘗起來更好！
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