2014年英語(yǔ)專四作文押題預(yù)測(cè)：博物館的作用

　　2014年英語(yǔ)專四考試馬上就要來(lái)了，同學(xué)們是不是很緊張呢?下面是小編為大家整理的2014年英語(yǔ)專四作文押題預(yù)測(cè)，供各位考生參考。

　　Topic 19: Do you think a museum is to educate or entertain people?

　　解析：

　　支持博物館只有教育目的的觀點(diǎn)：

　　? 博物館收藏的大量物品(house a large collection of selected objects)只用于展覽，人們不能夠觸 碰(forbid physical contact);博物館只提供收藏品的歷史講解(provide interpretations),不提供 娛樂(lè)(provide entertainment);

　　? 博物館關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?concentrate on the host region's culture)，教育后人，對(duì)保護(hù)文化和歷史有著重要的意義;

　　? 博物館一般注重特定的主題(concentrate on a particular subject),比如歷史學(xué)、人種學(xué) (ethnology )、人類學(xué)(anthropology)等，這些對(duì)于很多人都是陌生和枯燥的(unfamiliar ， abstract and uninteresting)，不可能有娛樂(lè)的作用。

　　支持博物館還有娛樂(lè)目的的觀點(diǎn)：

　　? 現(xiàn)在很多博物館都已經(jīng)開設(shè)不同的服務(wù)，如歌舞表演(operas and concerts).電影和錄像 (movies, videos and videotapes)等來(lái)增加收人(increase income by increasing attendance)，在這 一方面，博物館和娛樂(lè)行業(yè)差不多(similar to entertainment businesses);

　　? 博物館有些展品(items on exhibition)對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)具有一定的娛樂(lè)性(entertainment value), 因此會(huì)吸引一些抱著純娛樂(lè)目的來(lái)參觀的人。

　　范文

　　Museums have long been known as centres of research and education. By acquiring, conserving, researching and exhibiting a great variety of tangible items (such as artifacts and specimens ), museums are of great educational value. However, this notion has been refuted by some people in recent years, who tend to think that museums are intended for entertainment as well In my opinion, a museum can serve dual purposes, although education tends to play a larger part.

　　Museums impart knowledge to visitors through different means. One is collecting and displaying objects of scientific, artistic or historical importance at a specific site. Staff members working for museums are trained to provide interpretations of the collected objects to the general public. Viewing these items enables visitors to acquire knowledge of a given subject, such as history, art, environment and technology. History museums are for example concerned with specialized aspects of history at the local or national level. Another approach taken by a museum Is to invite specialists to lecture regularly in different Fields, which is instructive as well. An entertainment business, by comparison, hardly serves an educational purpose.

　　In addition to the way it operates, a museum is distinct from any operator in the entertainment industry in some other aspects. First of all, museums are entirely not-for-profit. Although sometimes charging an admission fee, a museum very often has free entrance, and does not engage in any profit-making activity. It does not target any specific audience like an entertainment business does. Instead, it is open to the general public. Museums, meanwhile, choose items on display not according to their commercial values but according to the line of items they mainly focus on. For instance, a history museum would focus only on those items that are of historical value, although those items might not have sufficient market value.

　　However, a noteworthy development of museums in recent years is related to entertainment to some extent. Similar to other educational institutions, museums have to balance their budget. Many museums have therefore sought to operate more activities to attract more visitors, in order for an additional entry fee to cover costs. In addition to the traditional services, such as making collected objects available for public viewing, and organising lectures, a museum is interested in such entertainments as films, musical or dance performances, most of which are linked to the culture of its host region. Art museums, for example, bear a close resemblance to art galleries, in exhibiting a wide range of artworks. Museums falling in this category give visitors pleasure, and can be taken as a provider of both knowledge and entertainment.

　　As suggested above, there are many benchmarks against which a museum can be made distinct from an entertainment provider. Some museums are now providing services in overtly entertainment nature, although educational for the most part,

　　近義詞表

　　1. artifact=ornament=manufactured article=work of art=object:人工制品,藝術(shù)品，裝飾品(一般都 是具備文化或者歷史價(jià)值的物品，比如圖騰)

　　2. specimen=example=sample;范例，樣品，樣本

　　3. refute=contest=rebut=disprove：駁倒，反駁

　　4. lecture=make a speech=give an address:發(fā)表演講

　　5. instructive=informative=educational:教育性質(zhì)的，教育意義的

　　6. resemblance=similarly=likeness=semblance ：相似性

　　7. benchmark=standard ：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　8. overtly=openly=clearly=obviously=explicitly ：明顯地

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