2015年公共英語二級考試寫作部分命題規(guī)律及練習(xí)(1)
改寫句子
該節(jié)共有3道題，主要考查考生在意思相同的情況下，對不同句型的表達(dá)方式的掌握。改寫句子最基本的要求是保證改寫后的句子和原句的意思大體相同。以填空的形式命題，考生須填補(bǔ)空白并使補(bǔ)全的句子與原句意思一致。該節(jié)要求考生要仔細(xì)閱讀原句，準(zhǔn)確理解其含義，將原句和目標(biāo)句相互比較，找出需要補(bǔ)全的內(nèi)容，正確改寫句子。
(一)改寫句子的?？碱}型
● 主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換
【例句】
1.Many workers built this factory in 2001.
This factoryby many workers in 2001.
【正確答案】was built
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求熟悉被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成——不同時態(tài)下系動詞be的變化形式。
● 直接引語與間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換
【例句】
2.He asked me,“Where are you going?”
He asked me.
【正確答案】where I was going
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求了解直接引語與間接引語。二者互變時要注意：人稱的變化;時間表示法的變化;指示代詞的變化;一般疑問句中疑問詞的變化;特殊疑問句中語序的變化規(guī)則等。
● There be句型的變換
【例句】
3.The room is empty.
There is in the room.
4.What can I do for you?
anything I can do for you?
【正確答案】3.nothing4.Is there
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求了解 there be 句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，注意系動詞be在不同語境下的變化形式。
● It引導(dǎo)的形式主語句子與其他句型的轉(zhuǎn)換
【例句】
5.He spent 4 hours in doing his homework yesterday.
It took him 4 hours his homework yesterday.
6.It seems that they like pop music.
They to like pop music.
【正確答案】5.to do6.seem
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求了解代詞it在句子中的各種用法。it是相當(dāng)活躍的代詞，它可以作形式主語、形式賓語和引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句等。
● 一些習(xí)慣用法的不同表示法
7.They have studied English for 20 years.
They began to study English .
8.He went to the class at 9 o’clock.
He didn’t go to the class 9 o’clock.
【正確答案】7.20 years ago8.until
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求掌握英語中一些習(xí)慣用法的表達(dá)方式。在改寫句子時，要求用不同的句型或不同的詞表達(dá)出相同的意思。
● 詞或詞組間的互換
【例句】
9.He spent 20 dollars buying this book.
He20 dollars this book.
10.She does well in English.
She is English.
【正確答案】9.paid...for10.good at
【規(guī)律分析】這部分考查同義詞或詞組的替換。有些詞雖然意義相近或相同，但往往在用法和結(jié)構(gòu)搭配上有區(qū)別，考生應(yīng)尤其注意。
● 句子與詞組間的互換
【例句】
11.We’re always busy with our work.
We seldom have .
12.The boy is very young. The boy can’t understand it.
The boy isyoung understand it.
【正確答案】11.free/spare time12.too...to
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求掌握一些慣用詞組的用法，同時注意句子和詞組間的互換往往會使得句子結(jié)構(gòu)改變。
● 形容詞、副詞比較級等基本句型的轉(zhuǎn)換
【例句】
13.Don’t forget to bring your book!
to bring your book!
14.My mother is not in/at home.
My mother is.
【正確答案】13.Remember14.out
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求掌握一些基本的反義詞，然后通過否定反義詞的方法達(dá)到肯定的目的。
● 反義詞
【例句】
15.I don’t think maths is as interesting as English.
I think maths is English!
16.Of all the boys in the class, John runs the fastest.
John runsany other boy in the class.
【正確答案】15.less interesting than16.faster than
【規(guī)律分析】這部分要求考生熟悉一些形容詞、副詞比較級的基本句型，如：not as (so)+原級形式+as;比較級形式+than...;最高級形式+...in(of)...
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