2015考研英語寫作：如何撰寫圖表作文
圖表作文是考研英語寫作的一種重要形式，它需要考生有較強的分析理解能力和邏輯組織能力，要想撰寫好圖表作文就必須把握它的要點和技巧。下面小編和大家詳細談談該如何寫圖表作文。
一、出題形式
例1題目：Changes in People’s Diet
Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:
1.state the changes in people’s diet(飲食)in the past five years;
2.give possible reasons for the changes;
3.draw your own conclusions.
You should quote as few figures as possible.
例2題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City
Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;
1.Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;
2.Possible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city;
3.Your predictions of what will happen this year.
Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.
例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(given in Chinese):
1. 以下圖為依據描述發展中國家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況
2. 說明引起變化的各種原因
從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標題和一個或幾個統計表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：
1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規律或趨勢;
2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢或問題分析其原因或后果。
二、寫作要領
圖表作文著重說明事實，常常是通過對圖表中所反映的具體數據的說明、分析、比較，對某種事物或現象的事實或變化情況等加以說明，并提出結論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。寫好圖表作文，關鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯系，用準確流暢的語言把這一信息表達出來，并就這一信息發表自己的看法。
三、寫作步驟
寫圖表作文時，要注意遵循以下步驟：
1) 認真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關系;
2) 確定文章的主題思想，構思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數據;
3) 編列文章的提綱;
4) 根據文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內容擴展成段落，然后將各個段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;
5) 檢查與修改。
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