2013年高考英語沖刺指導(dǎo)：高考寫作的必殺連接詞
近年來高考英語作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有了重大調(diào)整，新評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中強(qiáng)調(diào)了“語言的連貫性”，顯然，考生要得高分，除了文章語法正、要點(diǎn)全、邏輯順、卷面潔外，考生還得注意行文中起承轉(zhuǎn)合的運(yùn)用技巧，才能提高文章檔次，取得高分。好的高考作文要求段落中句與句之間以一種明晰的、合乎邏輯的順序組織與安排，做到條理清楚，層次分明。這樣的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)讓評(píng)卷老師在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)能準(zhǔn)確獲取文章信息。
連接詞的使用不僅使文章在整體上結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密，渾然一體，而且能夠增強(qiáng)文章的說服力和感染力，保證段落或文章的連貫。連接詞不僅是區(qū)分中英文寫作的重要標(biāo)志，是使一篇文章銜接自然，滿足高考考試說明大綱中對(duì)于5檔作文即高分作文要求的最佳途徑，也是在短時(shí)間內(nèi)最容易有效提高書面表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)的手段。連接詞按語義劃分，最常見的有以下8種類型：
1. 表示因果關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有therefore, as a result, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of, since, consequently, as a consequence, thus, hence, it follows that... because of
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006浙江)From my personal angle alone, the latter point coincides with mine. Actually I have more reasons for it. An original work leaves us more space to think and imagine, and therefore we can get closer to the author’s ideas.
(NMET2006北京)I would like to join the Peace and Friendship Camp since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries about their cultures.
(NMET2006福建)As we all know, you are what you eat. Therefore, it is very important for us to form healthy eating habits.
(NMET2010浙江)She has set a good example for us. Therefore, she deserves the honor and we should learn from her.
2. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有but, yet, however, nevertheless, in spite of, although,, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, in contrast等。
例如：[真題在線](NMET2005浙江)Chinese students celebrate their birthdays in different ways ,but the most common one is to hold a birthday party, at which friends get together to have fun, singing and dancing.
(NMET2006福建)As we all know, you are what you eat. Therefore, it is very important for us to form healthy eating habits. However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students.
(NMET2007浙江)However, there are also some problems with this teaching method. As we haven’t mastered enough English words, sometimes we may find it difficult to follow the teacher. Slow learners may even lose interest in English.
再如：It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it's rather beautiful.
His children are well bred, whereas those of his sister's are naughty.
3. 表示添加信息
常用的連接詞有, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., furthermore, besides, moreover, in addition, what is more, as well as， worse still等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006湖南)In his opinion, we should not only know “what”, but also understand “why”.
(NMET2006陜西)Some are in favor of staying at home. They think it's both convenient and comfortable. What's more, they can save money for other purposes.
(NMET2006浙江)Some of us prefer to see a film than to read a book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, films are usually more fantastic, and easier to follow.
(NMET2010浙江)Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class. Besides, she often devotes her spare time to helping others.
4. 表示條件關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有if, as (so)long as, on condition that等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006天津)If something terrible should happen, it would be difficult for people to get out quickly.
5. 表示解釋、說明關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有actually, in fact, such as, for example/instance, that is to say, in other words, to tell you the truth, according to, to be specific, to illustrate等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006全國(guó)I)According to the rule, every student can borrow up to 5 books each time and keep them for ten days.
(NMET2006陜西)In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.
6. 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
常用的連接詞有in fact, no doubt, especially,without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006江西)In China the Mid-autumn Day means all family members getting together. In actual fact, a lot of old people live alone without their offspring's company even on this special day.
(NMET2006北京)I like music, especially classical music.
7. 表示空間順序關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有on the right/left, on the side of...on the other side of, on the foot/top/end, in the middle/center/back/front of, next to等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006全國(guó)I)Our library is in the center of the school. There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our building is right behind it.
再如：The room was disgusting. By the far window was a trash can piled high with crumpled papers. In the middle of the room was a round size bed with rotting fruits. The path between the bed and the doorway, where I was standing, was full of dirty clothes and old newspapers.
8. 表示時(shí)間順序關(guān)系
常用的連接詞有after, afterwards, first, second, meanwhile, after that, after a while, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, then,finally, immediately, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, from now on, not... until, during, in the end, eventually等。
例如：[真題在線] (NMET2006天津)First, the film was delayed as there were so many advertisements at the beginning. Second, the sound of the film was so loud that I could hardly bear it.
(NMET2006浙江)They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is more lively and beautiful.
(NMET2007浙江) The teacher first teaches the class in English, and then she Explains those that are hard to understand so that we get a better knowing of the passage. That will be good for us.
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