商務英語郵件寫作指南：易混淆詞匯辨析1
1. affect vs effect
兩個“影響”辨析
Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).
Affect和effect這兩個詞語經常被混淆。Affect通常用作動詞，表示某種行為，而effect常用作名詞，表示某事。
Hint: If it's something you're going to do, use "affect." If it's something you've already done, use "effect."
提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect；如果某事是你已經做完了的，那么就用effect。
To affect something or someone.
“影響”某事或某人
Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.
例1：外面的噪音影響了我的發揮。
Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.
例2：長期離職會影響晉級。
The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.
effect用作動詞時，最容易和affect造成混淆。
To have an effect on something or someone.
對某事或某人有“影響”
Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)
注意：effect前面一般要有冠詞a/the，effect后面通常要加介詞on。
Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.
例1：他的笑容對我有一種奇怪的影響。
Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent's behavior.
例2：家長們擔心音樂對于其青少年子女行為的影響。
2. some time / sometime vs sometimes
一段時間、某時和有時的辨析
Some time means a period of time.
Some time表示一段時間。
Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.
例1：政府仍然有足夠的工具和時間來應對這個問題。
Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.
例2：反正我和珍妮需要一點時間。
Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.
Sometime表示未來或者過去的某個時間，而這個時間目前還未知或者沒有表述清楚。
Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.
例1：他們希望能找個時間見個面。
Example 2: The sales figures won't be released until sometime next month.
例2：銷售數據要到下個月的某個時候才會公布。
Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.
Sometimes指的是有時，但并不經常，表示頻率。
Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.
例1：夏天我的皮膚有時會變得愛出油。
Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.
例2：我有時與我的伙伴爭論，但我們通常是一致的。
3.e.g vs i.e
例如”和“也就是”的辨析
e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.
e.g.是拉丁語exempli gratia的簡寫，表示“例如”，用于舉例說明。
Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".
例句：我喜歡跑車，比如法拉利和保時捷。
In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.
在上述例句中，e.g.后要加你喜歡的車子的類型，即法拉利和保時捷。
i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).
i.e.是拉丁語id est的簡寫，表示“也就是、即”的意思，用于解釋說明。
Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."
例句：我喜歡跑車，也就是時速超過150英里的車子。
In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.
在第二句例句中，i.e.后是對跑車的說明，即你認為的跑車是多快的車子。
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